2025-07-28
Post Time: 2025-07-28
Error: No content files found.Vitamins Visit our website: Free PowerPoint Presentations for teaching and learning History of vitamins : The story of vitamin dates back to 18th century. Sailors of this period knew that eating of liver cures a disease called night blindness and Eating of lemons cures another disease called scurvy. Also cod liver oil cures a disease called rickets In 1912, Sir H.G. Hopkins first identified Vitamins in MILK and named it as Accessory factors. Funk named the accessory factors as Vitamins (Vital amines). Vitamins are micronutrients, which are very much essential for growth and for metabolism. If antibiotics are indiscriminately taken, the bacteria present in the intestines which synthesize the Vitamins will be killed and it leads to Vitamin deficiency disorders Vitamins are classified into two types – based on their solubility . They are - eye health tips.htm Water soluble vitamins & Fat soluble vitamins. Water soluble Vitamins - Vitamin ‘B’ complex and Vitamin ‘C’ Fat soluble vitamins. - Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E and Vitamin K Vitamin –B1 - Thiamine is also known as Vitamin B1. It is needed for the activity of some of the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency disease - Beri-Beri. In this disease, the calf muscles become tender, vomiting, tremors, convulsions, loss of appetite are seen. Sources: Cereals like wheat, oil seeds like groundnut, milk, meat, fish. Niacin is one of the ‘B’ Complex Vitamins. It is also known as Vitamin B3. Functions: Niacin is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Sources: It is present in kidney, liver, meat, poultry fish, legumes and groundnuts. Deficiency disorders: Deficiency of niacin in diet result a disease called Pellagra. The symptoms of pellagra are diarrhea, dementia (loss of memory) patches on the body when exposed to sunlight . Pyridoxine is otherwise called Vitamin-B6. Functions: Pyridoxine plays an important role in the metabolism of amino acids. Sources: It is present in milk, liver, meat, egg yolk, fish, cereals, legumes and vegetables. Deficiency disorders: Deficiency lead to hyper irritability, anaemia, nausea and in children it leads to convulsions. Sources: It is present in liver, meat, eggs, milk, fruits, cereals, and leafy vegetables over cooking of food destroys the folic acid Functions : Folic acid is required for the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). It is also required for the development of blood cells in the bone marrow. Deficiency Symptoms: Its deficiency causes anemia, diarrhoea and decrease in the number of leucocytes. Cell division in tissues such as intestinal mucosa is affected in folic acid deficiency. Vitamin C – It is also called as Ascorbic Acid Sources: Vitamin C is present in fresh fruits, green leafy vegetables, tomatoes and germinating pulses. Citrus fruit and Indian gooseberry are the richest source of this vitamin. Guava is another cheap and rich source of Vitamin C. Functions Vitamin C plays an important role in tissue oxidation reactions. It is required for the formation of collagen which is required for the formation of blood vessels, connective tissue, cartilage and dentine of teeth. Vitamin C also helps in the absorption and storage of iron. This Vitamin is also required for normal growth, tissue repair, healing of wounds and fracture of bone. Deficiency disease - SCURVY: Scurvy is the nutritional disorder caused due to the deficiency of Vitamin ‘C’. The symptoms of this disease are swelling of gums, bleeding from gums and from the joints and under the skin. This disease is preventable by providing the diet that is rich with Vitamin-‘C’. Vitamin - A The chemical name of Vitamin A is Retinol. It is also called as Antixeropthalmic Vitamin Sources - It is readily available in foods of Liver, eggs, butter, whole milk, fish, meat, oils extracted from fishes eye health portland such as cod liver oil and shark liver oil. In plants vitamin ‘A’ is present in the form of a carotene. In green leafy vegetable (Spinach amaranth etc.,) other vegetable like carrots, tomato, pumpkin, fruits like papaya and mango and its converted into vitamin ‘A’ in our body. The chemical name of vitamin ‘D’ is Calciferol Function - It helps in the absorption of Ca & P by the intestine and its deposition on the bones. The rich source of Vitamin ‘D’ is sun light eye health vitamins whole foods and sun light has the capacity to convert cholesterol in our body into Vitamin ‘D’. Deficiency of vitamin ‘D’ leads to bone deformities such as Rickets. (bent bones and knock knees) Vitamin ‘D’ present in foods of animal origin such as liver, egg yolk, butter, oils extracted from the livers of fishes such as cod or shark.