Why Hypoglycemia And Jaundice Occur In The Case Of Classical Galactosemia? [1b6815]

2025-07-26

Post Time: 2025-07-26

The ideal blood sugar range is crucial for overall health, and it's essential to understand how to maintain this delicate balance. A normal blood sugar level ensures that the body has enough energy from food while preventing damage to organs and tissues.

In an average person with no underlying medical conditions, a fasting glucose reading below 100 mg/dL indicates healthy levels. However, for some people, like those with diabetes or prediabetes, maintaining this range requires careful attention to diet and exercise habits.

Common Blood Sugar-Related Symptoms Mimicking Nutrient Deficiencies

Many symptoms that are often associated with nutrient deficiencies can actually be a result of blood sugar fluctuations. Some examples include:

  • Shaky hands due to fluctuating blood glucose levels
  • Excessive sweating caused by low insulin sensitivity
  • Insomnia and fatigue resulting from spiking or dropping blood sugar
  • Weight loss despite increased appetite, signaling high cortisol levels and subsequent energy crashes

Some people may experience a range of symptoms that are mistakenly attributed to nutrient deficiencies. These include:

  1. Fatigue due to blood sugar spikes causing insulin resistance
  2. Thinning hair as a result of elevated glucose damaging the skin cells
  3. Skin tags, blemishes or fungal infections resulting from uneven energy levels impacting immune system and cellular repair functions. 4. Anxiety or mood swings because fluctuations cause stress on brain function.

These symptoms can be caused by blood sugar spikes which is linked with nutrient deficiencies.

In this video the 132 mg dl blood sugar biochemical mechanism for the presence of jaundice in classic galactosemia is explained. Classic galactosemia is due to defect in galactose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase enzyme. this leads to elevation of galactose 1-phosphate thereby trapping the inorganic phosphate which can lead to fasting hyperglycemia, mental retardation. Elevated galactose 1-phosphate acts negatively on phosphoglucomutase enzyme and decrease the availability of glucose 1-phosphate leading to low blood sugar cooker decreased UDP-glucose and consequently decreased UDP-glucoronate. Decreased availability of UDP-glucoronate lead to decreased activity of UGT1A1. Decreased activity of UGT1A1 lead to decreased conjugation of bilirubin and hence elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin leading to jaundice. bilateral cataract seen in classic galactosemia is due to increased galactitol formation. High concentration of galactose-1-phosphate inhibits phosphoglucomutase, the enzyme that converts glucose-6-P to glucose-1-P. How can this inhibition account for hypoglycemia and jaundice that accompany galactose-1-P uridyl transferase deficiency in Classical Galactosemia? Inhibition of Phosphoglucomutase by galactose-1-P results in hypoglycemia due to interference in formation of UDP glucose (Glycogenprecursor) and also in the degradation of glycogen back to glucose-6-p. In the process of Glycogen degradation, 90% of glycogen is converted to Glucose-1-p by the action of Phosphorylase while 10% of glycogen is degraded to free glucose by debranching enzyme through its amyloglycosidase component at the branch point. Glucose-1-P gets converted to glucose-6-p by Phosphoglucomutase and then finally to free glucose by glucose-6 phosphatase so as to contribute to blood glucose level. In galactosemia (See figure-), due to accumulated Galactose-1-p when Phosphoglucomutase is inhibited less glucose-6-p is formed and blood sugar calculator by age hence lessfree glucose is formed to be exported from liver. Thus stored glycogen is only 10%efficient in raising blood glucose level and hence hypoglycemia results. UDP glucose levels are reduced, because glucose-1-p is required for the formation of UDP glucose. Hence in the absence of Phosphoglucomutase activity,glucose-6-p (derived from the activity of glucokinase or from gluconeogenesis), can not be converted to glucose-1-p. This prevents the formation of UDP-glucuronic acid which is required to convert bilirubin to bilirubin glucuronide form for transport into bile. Bilirubin accumulates in tissues causing jaundice. #classicalgalactosemia #pkprabhakar -~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Please watch: "VLDL IDL LDL Metabolism " -~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Why hypoglycemia and Jaundice occur in the case of Classical Galactosemia?
Why Hypoglycemia And Jaundice Occur In The Case Of Classical Galactosemia? [1b6815]